Friday, November 1, 2013

Palackal Computers


A .  solutions for hard disk smart command failed error message

The permanent solution for hard disk smart command failed error message is replace your hard disk with a new one. But there are some other workarounds for this error. They are:

1. Disable S.M.A.R.T feature in BIOS

It will avoid the chance of detecting the computer hard disk failures and you will not get any more SMART error message. We know it is not a perfect solution for long term.

2. Disconnect the power and Bus of hard disk and reconnect

It will let you reboot your computer without any issue and back to booting menu.

3. Regular Hard Disk recovery methods

It is recommended to perform any kind of hard disk recovery steps like de-fragmentation for fixing the errors of your computer hard disk.

Currently no more solutions I found. If I found any more I will add it here.


B.   Software /driver conflicts which causes automatic system reboot

In most cases you can find the automatic rebooting issue after installing a new software or driver in your computer. If you think the automatic rebooting issue started after installing any new software in your computer you need to uninstall the software from your computer either by add/remove programs or by the built in software removal utility. If the issue persists even after uninstalling the software ,you can perform a system restore on your computer to a previous date. So the major points you can do if the issue starts after installing a new software on your computer are:

i. Uninstall the recently installed software

ii. Perform system restore to an old date


Hardware issues which results in automatic system reboot


The major hardware issues lead to automatic restart are:

i. Heat related issues

ii. Corrupted system memory

iii. Dust particles in your system cabinet

iv. possible loose connection

Brand new computers are designed in a way that if the processor heat exceeds a certain level your computer will be automatically shut down or restart. So it is the first step you should verify if your computer reboots without any warning... whether my computer has any heat related issues?

Protect your computer from over heating

The next possible chance is corrupted system memory (RAM). If the RAM modules in your computer is corrupted ,it may cause automatic system reboot. So you should operate your computer with another piece of RAM and check for the issue. Another possible troubleshooting steps you can do is clean your computer cabinet and remove dust particles present. It is also advised to disconnect computer hard disk,DVD drive from mother board and reconnect to avoid any loose connection.


Possible virus infection

Another important reason for automatic computer rebooting is possible virus attack. There are some computer viruses which reboots your computer without your permission. So it is better perform a virus scan on your computer using a reputed AntiVirus software.

Quick fix to Automatic system reboots issue


If the issue persists even after performing all the steps provided in the article, you can tell your computer to don't restart automatically for any computer error. To do Sthis follows the steps below.


1. Right click on My Computer icon

2. Click the Properties

3. Click on the Advanced tab.

4. Click on the Settings button under Startup and Recovery.




5. In the Startup and Recovery window uncheck the Automatically restart check box.



6. Click OK.

Now onwards your computer will not restart automatically for any kind of computer errors.

PS: Please note that it is risky to uncheck the automatic reboot option without understanding the actual cause of the issue.

C. Possible Reasons of MBR Damage

There are some kind of viruses called MBR viruse can damage the Master Boot Record of your computer by replacing the original MBR with new one created by them. Original MBR sector will be moved to some other locations in the hard disk. These MBR viruses can start when the system boot-ups (ie: Even before Operating System loaded). Other possible reasons are hard disk errors and improper installation of multiple operating systems.

The effects of corrupted MBR is difficulty in starting computer , cannot boot computer in safe mode and other available safe mode options etc. The worst cause is not booting computer.

To fix MBR we have some tools which operates in recovery mode. We cannot
actually change the MBR while Windows is running.
Commands to Fix MBR issues



Fdisk /mbr

The MS-DOS command Fdisk /mbr rewrites the MBR on the hard disk, to resolve MBR
corruptions. This command is useless if your computer is infected with MBR viruses ,they will again reinfect the new MBR sector and the issue persists. Hardware specialists are not recommending this command to fix MBR issues and they recommend the second Fdisk command - Fixmbr.


Fixmbr - command to fix MBR in Recovery Console


It is another DOS command to fix MBR corruptions. It also work as the Fdisk /mbr command.The fixmbr command is only available from within the Recovery Console in
Windows 2000 and above. In fixmrb command we can specify the location of master boot record if we are not going to fix the mbr of master boot device. The the command look like:

fixmbr (device name)


You need to boot your computer using Windows disk in order to use fixmbr command.

Steps to run Fixmbr on your computer

1. Restart computer

Restart your computer with Windows CD where DVD/CD drive is the primary boot device.


2. Recovery console

Press the R key to start the Recovery Console when it prompts.

3. In Recovery Console command prompt, type fixmbr and follow the instructions

Note: It is dangerous to play with MBR without proper knowledge about it. Any mistakes can make your computer non-bootable.

D. solutions for hard disk smart command failed error message

The permanent solution for hard disk smart command failed error message is replace your hard disk with a new one. But there are some other workarounds for this error. They are:

1. Disable S.M.A.R.T feature in BIOS

It will avoid the chance of detecting the computer hard disk failures and you will not get any more SMART error message. We know it is not a perfect solution for long term.

2. Disconnect the power and Bus of hard disk and reconnect

It will let you reboot your computer without any issue and back to booting menu.

3. Regular Hard Disk recovery methods

It is recommended to perform any kind of hard disk recovery steps like de-fragmentation for fixing the errors of your computer hard disk.

Currently no more solutions I found. If I found any more I will add it here.


How to Check the speed/Frequency of RAM on your computer

Usually you will get enough information from the label on the RAM. If you are unable to get information from the label, you can get the details from the BIOS. To log on to BIOS press [F2] or [Del] { Depends on the computer manufacturers the key to enter BIOS may change} while booting your computer. On the main page of BIOS itself you can get the RAM details like the slot where RAM inserted, Size of RAM module, Frequency /Speed of RAM module etc.



So the steps to know the details of RAM from BIOS are:

1. Boot your computer

2. Press [F2] or [Del] as told in the motherboard manual

3. Enter BIOS

4. Get the RAM details from the main page itself




It is always remember that RAM is of many types. They are

1. SD RAM
2. DDR RAM
3. DDR 2 RAM
4. DDR3 RAM

Some motherboards cannot recognize some RAMs. So it is very important to make sure that the RAM you are purchasing is supported by your motherboard.

The Frequency of RAM is also really important. If you are adding the extra RAM module to your computer ,make sure that the new one has the same frequency of the older RAM module.

After all it is important to know the warranty period of RAM. Some vendors offer one year warranty while others offer three year. It is preferable to go for higher warranty period.

How to Hide Hard Disk Drive in Windows OS

1. Right Click on My Computer



2. Click on Manage

Now computer management Window will be opened.

3. Click on Disk Management


Now you should select the drive letter which you need to hide from the My Computer list. You should delete the drive from Disk Management to disable it and completely inaccessible for Windows. If you want to enable it again, you may create the drive letter once gain in Disk Management. So you can easily hide any hard drive drive in your Windows computer without the help of a third party tool.

There are many ways to reset the BIOS password. They include


1. Using BIOS back door passwords set by the BIOS manufacturer

2. Using BIOS password breakers (Third party Softwares )

3. Hardware reset


Use BIOS backdoor passwords to bypass BIOS password

This is the default password designed by the manufacturer for the testing of BIOS. To get the backdoor BIOS you need to contact respective manufacturer. This password will help you to get in to the BIOS settings page. The list of some popular BIOS backdoor passwords are provided below.

i. AMI BIOS backdoor passwords

To see the list of AMI BIOS backdoor passwords click on the link below.
The list of AMI backdoor passwords is :

1. AMI
2. AAAMMMIII
3. BIOS
4. PASSWORD
5. HEWITT RAND
6. AMI?SW
7. AMI_SW
8. LKWPETER
9. A.M.I.
10. CONDO


The other possible AMI BIOS passwords are:

1. LKWPETER

2. lkwpeter

3. BIOSTAR

4. biostar

5. BIOSSTAR

6. biosstar

7. ALFAROME

8. Syxz

9. wodj


PS: Manufacturers update the back door passwords by time to time. To get the latest bios password for the latest BIOS version I recommend you to contact the BIOS manufacturer.

If the back door passwords are not working click the link below to know more tricks to reset BIOS password.
ii. AWARD BIOS backdoor passwords

To see the list of AWARD BIOS backdoor passwords click on the link below.
The most common back door passwords for AWARD BIOS are:


ALFAROME
ALLy
aLLy
aLLY
ALLY
aPAf
_award
AWARD_SW
AWARD?SW
AWARD SW
AWARD PW
AWKWARD
awkward BIOSTAR
CONCAT
CONDO
Condo
d8on
djonet
HLT
J64
J256
J262
j332
j322 KDD
Lkwpeter
LKWPETER
PINT
pint
SER
SKY_FOX
SYXZ
syxz
shift + syxz
TTPTHA
ZAAADA
ZBAAACA
ZJAAADC
01322222
589589
589721
595595
598598

Please note that manufacturer may update the back door passwords. So for different BIOS versions different back door passwords are used. If the passwords provided above are not working I recommend you to contact BIOS manufacturer.

iii. BIOS backdoor passwords for Laptops

To see the list of BIOS backdoor password for standard Laptops ,
The list of Laptop BIOS backdoor passwords are provided below.

1. VOBIS & IBM ----> merlin

2. Dell ----> Dell

3. Biostar ----> Biostar

4. Compaq ----> Compaq

5. Enox ----> xo11nE

6. Epox ----> central

7. Freetech ----> Posterie

8. IWill ----> iwill

9. Jetway ----> spooml

10. Packard Bell ----> bell9

11. QDI ----> QDI

12. Siemens ----> SKY_FOX


13. TMC ----> BIGO

14. Toshiba ----> Toshiba

Please note that the Laptop manufacturers may update the BIOS backdoor passwords by time to time. If the password is not working you need to contact manufacturer technical support.

Third party softwares to break the BIOS password

There are lot of softwares available to break the BIOS password and gain access to BIOS settings page. The important softwares are

1. !BIOS PC BIOS Security and Maintanance toolkit

2. CmosPwd BIOS password breaker

3. http://webscripts.softpedia.com/script/Development-Scripts-js/Complete-applications/Cmos-Password-Breaker-15153.html

4. http://wareseeker.com/free-cmos-password-breaker/



Hardware Reset to Change BIOS password

The one of the good and dirty way to reset BIOS password is hardware reset. To do this you need to open the Computer cabinet and remove the CMOS battery on the mother board. After removing the battery wait one minute and insert the battery back. The BIOS information is stored in CMOS memory and when the power to CMOS disconnect the stored information will be erased. So nest time when the system boots BIOS will not ask you for password to grant access in to BIOS settings page.
What is Data Error - Cyclic Redundancy Check


Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) is an error detecting code used to check whether the data stored in the storage device is corrupted or not.



When You are getting Data Error - Cyclic Redundancy Check

When your computer is trying to read data from your DVD or CD (any storage device) if it found the data stored is corrupted, you will get this error message. In reality a normal scratch on the disc itself can cause this Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) error.

Recover Data from Corrupted Disc

Fortunately there are some recovery software available in market to recover data from scratched CDs and DVDs. Some of them are:


1. CD Check

CD Check is a Cyclic redundancy check data error recovery software.





To download this CD recovery software:

http://www.softwarepatch.com/software/cdrecovery-security.html


2. CDcheck

Another Disc data recory software is:

http://www.kvipu.com/CDCheck/helplink.php?helpfn=registration


The major reasons for processor overheats are :

1. CPU fan failed to work

2. Heat sink issue

3. Dust inside the cabinet

4. Flow of hot air from cabinet blocked

5. PC Overclocking


If there is any heat related issues happen in your computer, at first place we should check your cabinet fan and processor fan. If the fans in your computer cabinet is not working properly, it can increase the temperature inside the CPU.

Another reason is heat sink may be not doing its job properly. Heat sink is the device which is designed to remove over heat from processor to surrounding air and keep the processor cool. The dust inside the cabinet can indirectly increase the temperature inside your computer cabinet. It can reduce the speed and functionality of your computer fan.

Another major reason for CPU overheating is the denial of free flow of hot air from your computer cabinet. This can increase the temperature inside your computer cabinet. PC overclocking too can increase the temperature produced by your CPU.

Solutions to avoid PC overheating issues

The first step we should do is to check whether the fans in your cabinet are working properly or not. If there is any issue with fans, change the fan immediately. Changing heat sink and revert back overclocking are other options to reduce computer overheating. Always make sure that hot air flow from your computer is not blocked by surrounding materials. If there is any dust inside your cabinet, clean that.

Use Flash Memory (USB) as Virtual RAM in Windows 7 and Vista

Using the ReadyBoost technology from Microsoft we are allowed to increase the main memory of our computer by converting flash memory(USB memory) as virtual primary memory. This feature is available in Windows Vista and Windows 7. Using this feature we can speedup our computer with the help of this additional virtual primary memory. We cannot use ReadyBoost in our computer with all kinds of USB memories. It should meet some minimum requirements to enable ReadyBoost technology.


System requirements to use USB memory as virtual system memory

* USB memory should be at least 256 MB

* USB memory should have access time of 1 ms or less.

* It should have atleast 2.5 MB/s read speeds and 1.75 MB/s write speeds

Steps to convert USB memory to virtual RAM memory

Steps to convert USB memory in to virual RAM memory follow the steps below.

1. Connect USB memory to the computer (Vista or Windows 7)

2. Right click on USB drive and take properties


3. Click on tab ReadyBoost and apply


Now if your USB memory meet all the requirements of ReadyBoost , it will be converted to virtual RAM and you can see a considerable performance increase for your computer.


Points to Remember while using ReadyBoost

In Windows Vista it is limited to 4 GB while in Windows 7 it is upto 256 GB of additional memory by connecting maximum 8 different USB memories. Windows OS older than Vista don't support ReadyBoost technology. Currently Windows Server 2008 is also not supporting ReadyBoost technology.

I cannot boot my computer in safe mode but normal mode is fine

Some times we may face an issue like our computer is booting and working fine in normal mode but it cannot boot in safe mode. There are many possible reasons for this issues. Some of the possible reasons are:

1. Possible virus infection

2. File system error

3. Software / driver conflict

4. Some windows files may corrupt

5. Windows update error

6. False settings in the security suit installed on your computer

These are some of the possible reasons for a computer which prevent it from booting in safe mode. The step by step procedure to troubleshoot this issue are:

Steps to fix errors while booting computer in safe mode


If you face issues with booting your computer in safe mode ,follow the steps provided below.

1. Try to boot your computer in all other safe mode options

On boot menu options window you can see other options like start your computer in


Safe mode with networking
Safe mode with command prompt

Try to start your computer using these options.


[ To get in to boot menu keep press on [F8] button while your computer start booting]


2. Try to boot your computer in Last Known Good Configuration

If you have failed to boot your computer in all available safe mode options ,it is better try to boot your computer in last known good configuration by selecting that option from the boot menu.

3. Run Check disk and correct disk errors

The next troubleshooting step is to run the check disk and fix the disk errors. To do this type

Chkdsk / f on the command prompt. Please note that you must have admin right to perform this task. After fixing the disk error try to boot your computer in safe mode. If the issue persists follow the steps below.


4. Check the recently installed software/driver

It is better verifie that the recently installed software or drivers are not preventing you from boot your computer in safe mode. Try to update the drivers. It is recommended to perform a clean boot on your computer to rectifie the issue if it is caused by the softwares installed on the computer. To know how to perform clean boot on your computer,click on the link below.

How to perform clean boot and rectifies the software conflict


5. Check the settings on the security suit installed on your computer.

Some times the false settings on the security software (Firewall,AntiVirus etc) may prevent you from booting your computer in safe mode. So make sure that these softwares are configured correctly on your computer.

6. Possible virus infection

Another major reason which may prevent us to boot our computer in safe mode is virus infection. Some viruses stop safe mode booting in our computer. So it is better do a detailed virus scan on your computer with a reputed security suit. You can also do online scan if the AntiVirus installed on your computer got corrupted.


7. Update to latest service pack and run latest windows update

Another possible troubleshooting step we can do is run latest windows update on our computer and install latest service pack.



8. Repair Windows files on your computer


To perform this you need to boot your computer from Windows CD and press R to repair the windows files while it ask you the option to install or repair Windows on your computer. After repairing Windows files on your computer try to boot your computer in safe mode.


Last possible software troubleshooting steps are:

9. Reinstall Windows Operating System on your computer

10. Format your hard drive and reinstall Windows on your computer


11. Try to disconnect the hardware devices like RAM, Hard disk ..from Motherboard and reconnect it.

When to charge your Laptop Battery | Increase the Laptop battery life

Many of the Laptop owners are actually confused in finding the exact time when your Laptop battery needs to recharge. Some says it is better let the Laptop battery to fully discharge and then recharge. Another argument is like there is no need to disconnect your Laptop battery from the power plug and the laptop battery is not at use this time as the power bypasses the battery. Any way the hardware experts saying the best time to recharge your Laptop battery is when the 80 to 90 % of battery charge discharged and only 10 to 20% charge remains.


The better ways to charge your Laptop battery


Now a days we are using lithium-ion batteries for Laptops and it is having a rapid-charging option. It is important to note that when we start using the Laptop for the first time it is advised to charge the battery for a long time. To know the exact time period better refer the Laptop user manual. Never operate your Laptop at high as well as lower temperature. The best temperature for Laptop battery is room temperature. You should not allow battery charge reduces to less than 10 percent of full charge.


It is better remove the Laptop battery from the Laptop if you are not going to use the Laptop for a long time. Another important point we need to remember is never short circuit terminal to discharge battery charge.


To know how to use the Laptop battery charge efficiently and retain Laptop battery charge click on the link below.

Keep Laptop bettery charge for a long period| Use laptop battery charge more efficiently

How long does a Laptop battery charge remains ? ?It may varies from 2 hours to even 5 hours but the actual problem is like you are in a trip. Say it is really a jungle area and no way to charge your battery. So you should be careful while using laptop and want to know how to utilize the Laptop battery charge in a better and efficient way. So the important points you need to remember to retain the Laptop battery charge for long are:


1. Turn off Wireless and Blue-tooth

If the Wi-Fi button is on ,it will take additional power to scan available wireless networks present in that area. If it fails to find any wireless network it will not stop the process and continually scan for the wireless networks. This process will reduce the battery charge. The story is same for Blue-tooth too. So it is better turn off the wireless button on your laptop.


2. Avoid playing computer games

It is better avoid playing games on your Laptop to keep the battery charge for long. Playing games on your Laptop drain laptop batteries.


3. Reduce the Laptop Speaker Volume and don't play any movies


4. Reduce screen brightness

5. Avoid using external devices like external mouse, DVD drive,USB adapters etc


6. Avoid using multimedia application on your Laptop


So the tips written above might be very silly for you but I am sure most of us won't care the simple things in their life.

Can I connect two Computers using USB cable

There is one common misunderstanding present among newbies in computer networking. Many think like we can connect two computers directly by only using Ethernet cables and not by USB cables. They argue like USB cable is not designed to connect two computers directly. But it is old man's story and connecting two computers using USB cable is so easy as connecting two computers using Ethernet cable.

USB cable use to connect two computers



The type of USB cable which is used to connect two computers directly is called Bridged USB cable. It is available in two different USB standards. They are USB 1.1 and USB 2.0 ,

The difference of standard is based on the speed of data transfer. In USB 1.1 the data transfer speed is 12 Mbps and that in USB 2.0 is 480 Mbps. It is very important to note that no other USB cables are designed for the purpose of connecting two computers directly. Using wrong USB cables to connect two computers may harm the USB ports of your computers.



Modes of working of Bridge cable

The bridged USB cable works in two different modes. They are

1. Link mode

2. Network Mode

In link mode two computers are connected through the bridged USB cable and the file sharing is enabled. In network mode multiple computers are connected and in addition to the file sharing the Internet too shared.


So it is very important to note that using wrong USB cables may harm your computer. So you should use Bridge USB cables to connect two computers directly.

Intel D945GCNL Motherboard reviews and latest driver download

In this blog post I am going to write the motherboard reviews of Intel D945GCNL. First of all when we select a mother board we are curious to know which processors are supported by this motherboard. The supported processors includes

Processors supported by Intel D945GCNL Motherboard



1. Intel® Core™2 Duo processor,
2. Intel® Pentium® D processor
3. Intel® Pentium® 4 processor
4. Intel® Celeron® D processor


The RAM which is supported by Intel D945GCNL is DDR 2 with frequency 533 MHz and DDR2 with 667 MHz. It is noted that Intel D945GCN mother board support up to 2 GB system RAM.


Peripheral Devices on Intel D945GCNL


1. One serial port

2. Four Serial ATA interfaces

3. One parallel port

4. One Parallel ATA IDE interface with UDMA 33, ATA-66/100 support

5 PS/2 keyboard and mouse ports

6. One diskette drive interface

7. Eight USB ports


The negative side I am seeing with this mother board is "it is supporting maximum 2 GB RAM". When I used this mother board with Windows XP, Vista and Ubuntu Linux it is pretty good. I told by some of my friends that this mother board is best in Windows XP and Vista but not very much good for Linux users.

Unable to start your computer - Disk Boot Failure

On the week end days I was a little bit busy with troubleshooting my friend's old desktop computer. His computer was a dead one and I want to make it alive. He had not been using this computer for last 4 months. We started a fresh installation of Windows XP on his computer as the issue was crashed OS. After reboot we couldn't make it to run ,we received one Disk Boot Failure error message . We just followed the below troubleshooting steps and isolate the actual reason of the issue. Here I am presenting the way I troubleshooted the issue. I used some of my hardware experience and many online tutorials.

Steps to fix the issue Disk Boot Failure


The steps we followed are:

1. Log on to BIOS and reset the BIOS settings

We heard that if the booting option in BIOS went wrong we may receive the error message Disk Boot Failure and cannot boot the computer. We press the [F2] just after power on the system. At first we failed to log on to the BIOS but in a continues attempts some how we get in to the BIOS. Fortunately there was no BIOS password , otherwise it will be a herculean task to log on to BIOS in a corrupted computer.


[ In case if you need to log on to BIOS and forgot the BIOS password follow the steps in the post given below.

Forgot BIOS password and cannot log on to it


]

We reset the boot option and set hard disk the first priority.


2. Unplugged the devices and reconnect it


The second option was make your hands dirty. We opened the computer case and disconnect the BUS and cleaned the devices. Yea a lot of dust was inside the cabinet. We cleaned it and reconnect the devices like hard disk,DVD writer, RAM ,mother board etc. Some after this step the stupid computer start run without any issue. So our assumption is the issue was with some loos connection or dust issues.

Here I am not going to stop writing as I am extending this post with other available troubleshooting steps which we didn't try.


3. Presence of non compatible hardware devices

It is possible that after connecting some non compatible hardware on your computer you may receive the error message Disk Boot Failure and the system fails to boot properly. So it is always advised to disconnect the last added hardware and check for the issue.


4. Corrupted OS or improper partitions

Some times due to the improper partition of the hard-disk may cause this error. Another important reason is corrupted Operating System. If the OS installed on your computer corrupted ,you cannot boot your computer. These two are very important possibilities.


5. Failed Hard disk


Another reason for "Disk Boot Failure" is hard disk failure. If the hard disk drive went wrong you cannot load OS to the memory and the system boot will fail. So to check this error you need to check whether the hard-disk went wrong or not. You can perform it by connecting your hard disk as the slave of another hard drive and check if this disk is detected by the computer or not. If not it is the time to purchase a new hard disk.


6. Mother board issue.

Another rare reason is mother board failure. Some times this error message will come as a result of mother board issues. It is advised to check your mother board if the issue is not related to hard disk and other possible reasons mentioned above.